Generalist receptors like TRP-channels can be interesting targets for spider toxin action

he presence of wood smoke condensate, with loss of cell-cell contact and an elongated shape (Figure 9A). In addition, immunofluorescent staining showed that the expression of E-cadherin decreased in primary rat tracheal epithelial cells after 7 days of treatment with wood smoke condensate, and the expression of vimentin and type I collagen was observed (Figures 9B and 9C). PLOS ONE | www.plosone.org Gelatinases and EMT in Small Airway Remodeling in COPD Figure 8. Expression of EMT Markers in Small Airway Walls Exposed to wood smoke. (A) Photomicrographs showing that the small airways immunostained for E-cadherin, FSP1, vimentin and a-SMA. Although the airway epithelium in rats exposed to WS did not show a marked decrease in E-cadherin immunostaining compared to controls, the positive staining of mesenchymal markers (FSP1, vimentin, a-SMA) was sometimes observed in the small airway epithelium at 7 months. (B, C) Photomicrographs showing the small number of cells that double immunostained for Ecadherin and vimentin or FSP1 in the airway subepithelium of rats exposed to WS for 7 months (only 3 of these 8 rats). Black arrows show positively immunostained cells. Scale bar = 50 mm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0096708.g008 components, including fine particles, CO, nitrogen oxides, respiratory irritants and other toxic organic compounds, which have adverse effects on human health [30]. Previous research has shown that women exposed to biomass smoke can develop airflow limitation [31]. SAR leads to airway wall thickening and fixed airway obstruction [5]. In the present study, although there was a small increase in smooth muscle thickness in rats exposed to smoke, the difference was SB203580 PubMed ID:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19651432 not significant. In contrast to asthma, the airway